LAW GAT/SEE-LAW Notes, Qanun-e-Shahadat (QSO) Order 1984

QSO Chapter 2: Of Witness

Articles 3 to 17 of the Qanoon-e-Shahadat address witness qualifications, testimony principles, and court procedures. They outline who can testify, when testimony is not needed, and rules on confidential com or privilege communication. Topics include Islamic witness competence, state/public interest, legal consultations, and co-offender testimony.

QSO Chapter 2 summery in Urdu:

“قانون شہادت کے آرٹیکلز 3 سے 17 میں گواہوں کی اہلیت، گواہی کے اصولوں اور عدالتی کارروائی میں پیش کی جانے والی شہادت کے معیارات کو واضح طور پر بیان کیا گیا ہے۔ یہ آرٹیکلز یہ طے کرتے ہیں کہ کون سا شخص عدالت میں گواہ کے طور پر پیش ہو سکتا ہے، کسی شخص یا افسر کو کون سی معلومات ظاہر کرنے کی ضرورت نہیں ہے، اور ازدواجی، سرکاری یا قانونی مشاورت(کنفیڈینشل کمیونیفیکیشن ) کے دوران حاصل ہونے والی معلومات کی رازداری کے اصول کیا ہیں۔”

QSO Chapter 2 Articles 3 to 17 short summary in table:

Article 3 to 17 short summarized are discussed below in the table.

ARTICLE nO. TOPIC SUMMARY
3Who may testifyہر شخص گواہی دے سکتا ہے، سوائے اُن کے جو عمر، ذہنی یا جسمانی عوارض کی وجہ سے نااہل ہوں۔ جھوٹی گواہی کی وجہ سے عدالت سے سزا یافتہ شخص بھی گواہی نہیں دے سکتا۔
4Judges and Magistratesجج یا مجسٹریٹ اپنی عدالتی کارروائی پر سوالات کے جواب دینے پر مجبور نہیں، جب تک اعلیٰ عدالت کا حکم نہ ہو۔
5Communications during marriageشادی شدہ افراد اپنی شادی کے دوران کی گئی بات چیت ظاہر کرنے پر مجبور نہیں کیے جا سکتے، سوائے خاص حالات کے۔
6Evidence as to affairs of Stateغیر شائع شدہ سرکاری ریکارڈز سے متعلق شہادت متعلقہ محکمے کے سربراہ کی اجازت کے بغیر نہیں دی جا سکتی۔
7Official communicationsکوئی عوامی افسر ایسی بات ظاہر کرنے پر مجبور نہیں جس سے عوامی مفاد کو نقصان پہنچے۔
8Information as to commission of offencesمجسٹریٹ، پولیس یا ریونیو افسران کو جرم کی اطلاع دینے والے(مخبر) یا ذرائع کو ظاہر کرنے پر مجبور نہیں کیا جا سکتا۔
9Professional communicationsوکیل اپنے مؤکل کی اجازت کے بغیر قانونی مشاورت یا دستاویزات ظاہر نہیں کر سکتا، سوائے غیر قانونی مقاصد کے۔
10Article 9 to apply to interpreters, etcآرٹیکل 9 کے قواعد مترجمین، کلرکوں اور ملازمین پر بھی لاگو ہوتے ہیں۔
(مطلب وکیل کا کلرک بھی گواہی نہیں دے سکتا)
11Privilege not waived by volunteering evidenceاگر کوئی شخص خود سے گواہی دیتا ہے تو اس کا مطلب یہ نہیں کہ وہ آرٹیکل 9 کے تحت باتیں ظاہر کرنے کی رضامندی دے رہا ہے۔
12Confidential communications with legal advisersقانونی مشیر سے خفیہ گفتگو ظاہر کرنے پر مجبور نہیں کیا جا سکتا، جب تک کہ عدالت اس کا حکم نہ دے۔
13Production of title deed of witness, not a partyکوئی غیر فریق گواہ اپنی جائیداد کے کاغذات ظاہر کرنے پر مجبور نہیں جب تک وہ رضامند نہ ہو۔
14Production of documents, which another person, having possession, could
refuse to produce
کوئی شخص ایسے دستاویزات ظاہر کرنے پر مجبور نہیں جو کسی اور کے قبضے میں ہوتے تو وہ ان کے ظاہر کرنے سے انکار کر سکتا۔
15Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminateگواہ سوال کا جواب دینے پر مجبور ہوگا چاہے جواب اسے مجرم ثابت کرے، لیکن وہ جواب اسکو مجرم نہیں بنا سکتا ایسی گواہی پر اسکو استثنا حاصل ہو گا۔
16Accompliceشریک جرم ”حدود” کے مقدمات کے علاوہ گواہی دے سکتا ہے، اور اس کی گواہی پر فیصلہ قانونی ہوگا۔
17Competence and number of witnessesگواہ کی اہلیت اور تعداد اسلامی تعلیمات کے مطابق ہوگی، مالی معاملات میں دو مرد یا ایک مرد اور دو خواتین کی گواہی درکار ہوگی۔

QSO Chapter 2 Test 1

1 / 20

1)

In matters pertaining to financial or future obligations, if reduced to writing, the instrument shall be attested by ______ men or one man and ______ women, so that one may remind the other, if necessary.

2 / 20

2)

The Court may consider a person incompetent to testify if they are prevented from understanding questions due to ___________.

3 / 20

3)

A revenue officer is also protected under this rule and cannot be compelled to disclose where he got any information related to the commission of an offense against the __________.

4 / 20

4)

As per article 11 of QSO , if any party to a suit or proceeding calls any such advocate as a witness, he shall be deemed to have consented to such disclosure only if he _________ such advocate on matters which, but for such question, he would not be at liberty to disclose.

5 / 20

5)

As per article 6 of the Qanun-e-shahadat 1984, no one shall be permitted to give evidence derived from ___________ record relating to affairs of state.

6 / 20

6)

A, on his trial before the Court of Session, says that a deposition was improperly taken by B, the Magistrate. B cannot be compelled to answer the question except ______.

7 / 20

7)

As per article 3 of the Qanun-e-Shahadat 1984, all persons _______ competent to testify unless the Court considers them incapable due to age, disease, or other causes.

8 / 20

8)

A lunatic is not incompetent to testify unless he is prevented by his lunacy from _________the questions put to him and giving rational answers to them.

9 / 20

9)

No Magistrate or police officer shall be compelled to say whence he got any information as to the __________ of any offense.

10 / 20

10)

A person shall not be competent to testify if he has been convicted by a Court for ______ or giving false evidence.

11 / 20

11)

What is an ''accomplice'' in the context of Qanun-e-Shahadat Order 1984 ?

12 / 20

12)

As per article 3 of the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order 1984, the Court shall determine the competence of a witness in accordance with the qualifications prescribed by the ______.

13 / 20

13)

An advocate cannot disclose any advice given by him to a client, except with the client’s ______ consent.

14 / 20

14)

An advocate cannot be bound to disclose anything which has been done between him and his client except ______.

15 / 20

15)

A, a client says to B, and advocate "I wish to obtain possession of property by use of a forged deed on which I request you to sue". The communication, being made in furtherance of criminal purpose is ________from disclosure.

16 / 20

16)

As per article 10 of Qanun-e-Shahadat Order 1984, The provisions of Article 9 shall apply to __________.

17 / 20

17)

No public officer shall be compelled to disclose communication made to him in ______ confidence ,when he considers that public interest would suffer by that disclosure.

18 / 20

18)

A person cannot be compelled to disclose any communication made to him by a person to whom he __________.

19 / 20

19)

An accomplice shall be competent as a witness against an accused except in cases of ______ and Hadd.

20 / 20

20)

As per article 3 of the Qanun-e-shahadat 1984, A person who has been convicted by a Court for perjury or giving false evidence is not a competent witness unless __________.

Your score is

The average score is 70%

0%


QSO Chapter 2 Test 2

1 / 6

1)

A witness shall not be excused from answering any question on the grounds that the answer will ______ him.

2 / 6

2)

No witness who is not a party to a suit shall be compelled to produce his ______ to any property unless agreed in writing.

3 / 6

3)

As per article 12 of QSO, When a person be compelled to disclose confidential communications with their legal professional adviser?

4 / 6

4)

As per article 14 of QSO, no one shall be compelled to produce documents in his possession, which any other person would be entitled to refuse to produce if they were in his possession, unless ________ consents to their production.

5 / 6

5)

An accomplice shall be a competent witness against an accused person, except in the case of an offence punishable with ______.

6 / 6

6)

As per article 13 of the Qanun-e-shahadat 1984, a witness cannot be compelled to produce a document if the production might ______ him unless he has agreed to do so in writing.

Your score is

The average score is 64%

0%


If you have any Question or see any mistake regarding QSO Chapter 2 then feel free to ask in the comment section.


Read Also: QSO Chapter 1 Short Notes

2 thoughts on “QSO Chapter 2: Of Witness

  1. Farooq Ahmed says:

    Being a law student, I found this website very informative. I am really satisfied with the PK law notes because they help me to understand the law subjects in more better way. Specifically, Detailed notes and Quiz of subjects are very helpful.

    1. Thank you so much for your insights, Farooq Ahmed! Your feedback is truly appreciated and it inspires us to keep moving forward with positivity.

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