The Pakistan Penal Code 1860 holds a crucial role as the foundation of the country’s legal system. Created during British colonial rule, it continues to be the primary source of criminal law in Pakistan, reflecting its historical importance and lasting relevance. Its purpose is to protect the rights, safety, and well-being of citizens, ensuring a fair and orderly society.
In this website post, we will explore the key chapters and sections of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860, focusing on its most significant provisions and their relevance in today’s world. We will examine essential concepts such as definitions, general exceptions, offenses against the state, human body offenses, and more. This journey will provide a deeper understanding of the code’s impact on Pakistan’s criminal justice system.
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1-Pakistan Penal Code 1860 , important mcqs
2-Pakistan Penal Code 1860, important mcqs
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Top 10 quiz from this TEST
- 1-In accordance with illustration C to section 351 of the PPC, which crime is committed if A pickup a stick, saying to B. “I will give you a beating”?
- 2-Other than hudood cases or any special laws, there must be ________witnesses in financial matters involving future obligations.
- 3-The fixed penalty established by Allah is _________.
- 4-Asim aims at a deer but misses the target and kills Bilal. who is standing by, Asim has committed ________
- 5-Which of the following best describes the term “tazir”?
- 6-Whoever shall have been habitually associated with any other or others for the purpose of committing robbery or child-stealing by means of or accompanied with Qatl is termed as _______
- 7-The amount of arsh required for causing itlaf on a hand or foot finger shall be _______ of the diyat.
- 8-As per Section 310 of the Pakistan Penal Code, In the case of qatli ‘amd, an adult sane wali may ______ on accepting badalisulh, compound his right of qisas.
- 9-As per illustration (a) to section 318 of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860, A aims at a deer but misses the target and kills Z who is standing by, A is guilty of _________
- 10-In accordance with Section 17 of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860. the word “Government denotes the person or persons authorized by law to administer _________ in Pakistan or in any part thereof.
Law GAT Syllabus for P.P.C
Chapter 2, 4, 16, 16-A
Each syllabus chapter explanation with its important sections and conclusion
Chapter II: General Explanations
Chapter II of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 serves as a vital lexicon that clarifies key legal terms used throughout the code. Understanding these definitions is essential for anyone seeking to navigate the complex landscape of criminal law. Here are ten of the most important sections in this chapter:
Section 6: Definitions in the Code to be understood subject to exceptions: This section highlights that definitions provided in the code are subject to exceptions, ensuring a nuanced interpretation of legal terms.
Section 7: Sense of expression once explained: It emphasizes that once a legal term is defined within the code, its meaning remains consistent throughout, avoiding ambiguity.
Section 10: “Man.” “Woman.” This section categorically defines “man” and “woman,” ensuring legal clarity on gender distinctions.
Section 13: [Omitted.] While omitted, it remains significant to understand its absence for legal practitioners.
Section 21: “Public servant.” This section defines the crucial term “public servant,” delineating those who hold positions of authority and responsibility.
Section 24: “Dishonestly.” This section defines the fundamental concept of dishonesty, essential for prosecuting cases involving deceitful conduct.
Section 34: Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention: This section clarifies the accountability of individuals acting together with a shared intention, ensuring that collective actions have consequences.
Section 40: “Offence.” This section defines “offence,” laying the groundwork for understanding the core concept of criminal acts.
Section 44: “Injury.” By defining “injury,” this section ensures a clear understanding of harm caused to an individual.
Section 52: “Good faith.” This section elucidates the vital principle of acting in good faith, providing protection to individuals acting with honest intentions.
In conclusion, Chapter II of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 serves as a fundamental reference, offering precise definitions of key legal terms. The code’s meticulous approach to language and concepts enhances legal clarity, fostering a just and transparent judicial system for all citizens.
Chapter IV: General Exceptions
Chapter IV of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 stands as a pillar of justice by providing essential exceptions to criminal liability. These exceptions recognize situations where acts are justified or committed unintentionally. Here are ten important sections in this chapter:
Section 76: Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law: This section shields individuals acting under legal obligations from criminal liability, safeguarding those who perform their duties in good faith.
Section 78: Act done pursuant to the judgment or order of the Court: This section acknowledges that acts performed in accordance with court orders carry no criminal culpability.
Section 81: Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm: It protects individuals who cause harm unintentionally while trying to prevent a more significant harm, ensuring a balance between protecting oneself and others.
Section 84: Act of a person of unsound mind: This section recognizes the limited culpability of individuals with mental disabilities, emphasizing the importance of mental health considerations in criminal law.
Section 87: Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent: This section addresses situations where harm occurs with consent but was not intended or expected to be severe.
Section 89: “Voluntarily.” By defining “voluntarily,” this section ensures that acts performed under duress are not considered voluntary and thus not criminally liable.
Section 92: Act done in good faith for the benefit of a person without consent: This section acknowledges the importance of good intentions and benefits provided, even without explicit consent.
Section 95: Act causing slight harm: Recognizing the principle of proportionality, this section deals with minor injuries committed without criminal intent.
Section 96: Things done in private defence: It outlines the conditions under which individuals can defend themselves or others without incurring criminal liability.
Section 98: Right of private defence against the act of a person of unsound mind, etc.: It provides a framework for individuals to protect themselves against threats from individuals with unsound minds, ensuring safety without criminal repercussions.
In conclusion, Chapter IV of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 exemplifies the values of justice, compassion, and fairness by providing crucial exceptions to criminal liability. These provisions protect individuals acting in good faith, prevent undue punishment, and establish a just legal system for the nation.
Chapter XVI: Of Offences Affecting the Human Body
Chapter XVI of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 is of utmost significance as it deals with offenses directly affecting the sanctity of human life and bodily integrity. This chapter emphasizes the paramount importance of protecting individuals from harm and ensuring justice for victims. Here are ten important sections in this chapter:
Section 299: Definitions: This section provides essential definitions for offenses related to causing hurt and death, forming the groundwork for understanding the subsequent sections.
Section 300: Qatl-i-amd: It defines the grave offense of murder, addressing situations where the act results in the intentional killing of another person.
Section 302: Punishment of qatl-i-amd: This section outlines the severe punishment for those convicted of the crime of murder, reflecting society’s commitment to deterring such heinous acts.
Section 307: Cases in which qisas for qatl-i-amd shall not be enforced: It specifies situations where the principle of qisas (retribution) may not apply, offering flexibility and discretion in handling certain murder cases.
Section 319: Punishment for qatl-i-khata: This section deals with culpable homicide not amounting to murder, addressing instances where death occurs unintentionally but due to negligent or reckless conduct.
Section 324: Attempt to commit qatl-i-amd: It addresses cases where an attempt to commit murder is made but fails, acknowledging the severity of such intentions.
Section 326: Thug: This section deals with the offense of “thug,” referring to those who engage in acts of organized robbery accompanied by violence.
Section 333: Itlaf-ul-udw: Addressing intentional injury to bones, this section addresses specific harm caused to an individual’s skeletal structure.
Section 337: Shajjah: This section focuses on the offense of “shajjah,” dealing with causing hurt by dangerous weapons or substances, further protecting individuals from severe harm.
Section 341: Punishment for wrongful restraint: It defines wrongful restraint as an offense committed by unlawfully restricting someone’s movement, reinforcing the importance of personal freedom.
In conclusion, Chapter XVI of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 is a critical segment that prioritizes the sanctity of human life and the physical integrity of individuals. By addressing offenses like murder, hurt, and wrongful restraint, this chapter underscores the need for a just and humane legal system that upholds the value of every human life. The provisions in this chapter serve as a strong deterrent against acts of violence and reinforce the commitment to safeguarding society’s well-being.
Chapter XVI A: Wrongful Restraint and Wrongful Confinement
Chapter XVI A of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 addresses offenses related to wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement, which are detrimental to individual freedom and dignity. This chapter underscores the significance of safeguarding personal liberties and upholding human rights. Here are ten significant sections in this chapter:
Section 339: Wrongful restraint: This section defines wrongful restraint as an offense committed by unlawfully restricting someone’s movement, reinforcing the importance of personal freedom.
Section 340: Wrongful confinement: It clarifies the concept of wrongful confinement, highlighting situations where individuals are unlawfully held against their will.
Section 343: Punishment for wrongful restraint: This section establishes the legal consequences for those who engage in wrongful restraint, deterring potential offenders.
Section 344: Punishment for wrongful confinement: It sets out the punishment for individuals found guilty of committing wrongful confinement, ensuring accountability for their actions.
Section 346: Wrongful confinement in secret: Recognizing the severity of secret confinement, this section deals with instances where individuals are unlawfully confined without public knowledge.
Section 348: Wrongful confinement to extort property or constrain to an illegal act: This section addresses situations where confinement is employed as a means to extort property or coerce individuals into unlawful acts.
Section 353: Assault or criminal force to deter a public servant from discharging his duty: It emphasizes the need to protect public servants from physical harm while performing their duties, ensuring the proper functioning of government institutions.
Section 359: Kidnapping: This section defines kidnapping as an act of forcibly taking someone away against their will, reinforcing the importance of preserving personal freedom.
Section 365: Kidnapping or abducting with the intent to secretly and wrongfully confine a person: Addressing the serious nature of abduction, this section deals with instances where individuals are taken to be confined unlawfully.
Section 369A: Trafficking of human beings: This section targets the abhorrent act of trafficking humans, highlighting the need to combat such heinous crimes and protect vulnerable individuals from exploitation.
In conclusion, Chapter XVI A of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 plays a crucial role in safeguarding individual freedoms and dignity. By addressing wrongful restraint, wrongful confinement, and trafficking offenses, this chapter contributes significantly to building a just and humane society where personal liberties are respected and protected.
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Q.17. Payment of Diyat. (Ref:Sec.319,320)
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